An ABI reading of 0.4-0.6 typically signifies what condition?

An Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) reading of 0.4-0.6 indicates the presence of severe obstruction in the peripheral arteries. ABI is a simple, non-invasive test used to assess blood flow and detect peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Normal ABI values typically range between 1.0 and 1.4, which indicate no significant obstruction.

When the ABI falls below 0.9, it suggests varying degrees of arterial obstruction. Readings between 0.4 and 0.6 are typically associated with critical limb ischemia, where there is inadequate blood flow to the limbs, leading to potentially severe complications such as rest pain, non-healing wounds, or even tissue loss if not managed properly. This level of obstruction is critical, warranting further evaluation and potentially aggressive management to restore adequate blood flow.

In contrast, a reading above 0.9, especially closer to 1.0, indicates mild obstruction or no significant issues. Lower readings, particularly those approaching 0.4 or below, indicate worse prognoses and more severe arterial blockage.