What consequence can arise from significant plaque buildup in the aorta?

Significant plaque buildup in the aorta can lead to an increased risk of embolism. When plaque accumulates in the aorta, it can become unstable and rupture, leading to the formation of thrombi (clots). These clots can then dislodge and travel downstream into the smaller arteries, potentially occluding them and causing ischemic events in organs or tissues. This process significantly raises the risk for conditions such as stroke or peripheral arterial occlusion, as sections of the plaque or associated clots become systemic threats.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the consequences of significant plaque buildup. Increased blood flow would not occur, as plaque narrows the vessel lumen and can restrict blood flow. Reduced oxygen demand does not relate directly to plaque formation; rather, it typically refers to conditions where the heart’s workload decreases, not as a result of increased vascular obstruction. Improved circulation is also unlikely as significant plaque buildup normally leads to decreased perfusion to distal tissues, creating conditions for potential ischemia rather than enhanced blood flow.