What effect do NSAIDs have on pulse pressure?

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can raise pulse pressure, which is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. This effect occurs largely because NSAIDs can lead to sodium retention and fluid retention due to their inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. This can cause an increase in blood volume and peripheral vascular resistance, resulting in elevated systolic blood pressure.

As the systolic pressure increases, if the diastolic pressure remains relatively stable or does not increase at the same rate, the pulse pressure will widen. The long-term use of NSAIDs can also affect renal function, influencing the body’s ability to manage blood pressure effectively, further contributing to an increase in pulse pressure. Understanding the hemodynamic effects of NSAIDs is crucial for managing patients who may already have cardiovascular concerns or are at risk for hypertension.